The Delhi Agreement and the End of Revolution-2007 B.S/1951 A.D

The Bairagania Convention of the Nepali Congress Party ( Aswin 10-12, 2007 B.S/ Sept. 27-29,1950 A.D) decided to carry out armed revolution against the autocratic Rana rule. The merging of the Nepal Democratic Congress led by Suvarna Shamsher Rana into the Nepali National Congress led by B.P. Koirala gave birth to a single party known as the Nepali Congress. The formation of the Nepali Congress gave a strong foundation for the revolution of 2007 B.S/1950 A.D. The Bairagania meeting helped to adopt two-prong strategies in order to accelerate the movement. i) Extremist struggle by forming the Liberation Army under Suvarna Shumsher, and ii) Peaceful protest under the leadership of B.P Koirala.

To help in the steps taken by the Nepali Congress, King Tribhuvan and his family fled to Delhi by an Indian helicopter on 21 Kartik,2007 B.S/ Nov. 7 1950 A.D. The revolution against the Rana regime became nationwide. The Liberation Army successfully captured the strategic places one after another. The independent and democratic Government of India openly supported the democratic forces. Mohan Shumsher, the Prime Minister, then declared Gyanendra Shah, the second grandson of King Tribhuvan, the King of Nepal. However, India and other friendly countries of Nepal did not recognize the new king and the activities of Mohan Shumsher. The revolution against the Rana Regime became nationwide. The Liberation Army successfully captured the strategic places one after another. At the same time, the Liberation Army occupied Biratnagar and the eastern hilly region, thus liberated the region from the hands of the Ranas. In the west too, in Palpa, the strategic centre for trade and administration, was brought under its control by the Liberation Army. The Liberation Army fought against the Rana soldiers and occupied following places: Illam, Diktel, Aathrai, Tehrathum, Okhaldunga, Parawanipur, the bridge of Sirsiya, Bhairahawa, Gorkha, Kailali, Kanchanpur, Doti, Biratnagar, Rangeli, Malangawa, Upper Danggadhi, Birgunj and Parsa. Similarly, the places seiged by the the Liberation Army without much resistance are Bhojpur, Khotang, Dhankuta, Mohottari, Mahinath, Thori, Chitwan, Taulihawa, Palpa, Pokhara, Gulmi, Syangja, Banglung, Koilabas, Dang-Deukhuri, Pyuthan, Dadeldhura, Surkhet, Dailekh, Baitadi and Shivaraj Dhajahani. In the Kathmandu valley too, slogans were raised against the Rana rule. Mohan Shumsher requested the government of India to mediate on the matter. The government of India helped to mediate for the peaceful settlement of the political issues of Nepal among King Tribhuvan, the Nepali Congress and Rana government. The Tripartite agreement of 29 Magh, 2007 BS/ Feb. 12, 1951 A.D is known as the Delhi agreement.

As per the Delhi agreement, there would be the formation of an interim government with five representatives from the Ranas and the other five from the Nepali Congress. After the conclusion of the agreement, King Tribhuwan returned to Nepal. On Falgun 7, 2007 BS/ 18 Feb. 1951 A.D. King Tribhuwan declared the end of the 104 years Rana rule and the establishment of democracy in Nepal.

The revolution against the Rana regime became nationwide. The Liberation Army successfully captured the strategic places one after another. The independent and democratic Government of India openly supported the democratic forces ,so, India mediated the issue between King Tribhuwan, the democratic forces and the Rana representatives. An agreement was signed on 29 Magh/ Feb. 12 and the movement was called off and a historic agreement was signed which was known as the Delhi Agreement. It was a tripartite agreement. After the agreement, the leaders of the Nepali Congress along with King Tribhuwan returned to Kathmandu from New Delhi on Falgun 4, 2007 / 15 Feb. 1951 A.D and declared the end of Rana regime and dawn of democracy on Feb 18, 1951 A.D.